Title

Immunogenicity of H5N1 Vaccine Following H5N2
Immunogenicity of OrniFlu® Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Subjects Previously Immunized With Live Attenuated H5N2 Influenza Vaccine and in Non-vaccinated Subjects
  • Phase

    Phase 2
  • Study Type

    Interventional
  • Intervention/Treatment

    tivantinib ...
  • Study Participants

    43
This study is designed to assess whether a live attenuated Influenza vaccine (LAIV) can induce a long-lasting immune memory by comparing the immunologic response to two doses of the OrniFlu® inactivated vaccine given to subjects previously primed with LAIV and subjects who did not received LAIV.
This study evaluated immunogenicity of an adjuvanted A(H5N1) inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) in healthy adult subjects who received A(H5N2) live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) 1.5 years earlier (September/October 2012) and compared this with a group of naive subjects that did not participate in the previous study. Inclusion/exclusion criteria for the additional group of naive volunteers mirrored those utilized in the initial study.
Study Started
May 31
2014
Primary Completion
Sep 30
2014
Study Completion
Sep 30
2014
Results Posted
Feb 18
2019
Last Update
Feb 18
2019

Biological A(H5N1) inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV)

Prepared from the NIBRG-23 vaccine virus strain. One vaccine dose (0.5 ml) contained 15 mg of influenza A(H5N1) virus hemagglutinin (HA), adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide. Two doses were administered intramuscularly 28 days apart.

  • Other names: Orniflu

Biological A(H5N2) live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)

Two doses of A(H5N2) live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) administered 28 days apart, approximately 1.5 years prior to receiving A(H5N1) IIV

Primed with H5N2 Experimental

Subjects who received A(H5N1) inactivated influenza vaccine as well as primed with H5N2 live attenuated influenza vaccine approximately 1.5 years before

Did not receive A(H5N2) Active Comparator

Subjects who received A(H5N1) inactivated influenza vaccine and did not receive A(H5N2) live attenuated influenza vaccine in a previous study.

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Legal male or female adult 18 through 51 years of age at the enrollment visit
Literate and willing to provide written informed consent
A signed informed consent
Free of obvious health problems, as established by the medical history and screening evaluations, including physical examination
Capable and willing to complete a memory aid and willing to return for all follow-up visits
For females, willing to take reliable birth control measures through Day 56

Exclusion Criteria:

Participation in another clinical trial involving any investigational agent within the previous three months or planned enrollment in such a trial during the period of this study
Receipt of any non-study vaccine within four weeks prior to enrollment or refusal to postpone receipt
Participation in any other clinical trials involving any H5-matched influenza vaccines except that in Protocol LAIV-H5N2-01
Current or recent (within two weeks of enrollment) acute respiratory illness with or without fever
Other acute illness at the time of study enrollment
Receipt of immunoglobulin or other blood products within three months prior to study enrollment or planned receipt during study period
Chronic administration (defined as more than 14 consecutively-prescribed days) of immunosuppressants and/or immune-modulating therapy within six months prior to study enrollment
History of bronchial asthma
Hypersensitivity after previous administration of any (not only influenza) vaccines.
Other adverse event (AE) following immunization at least possibly related to previous receipt of any (not only influenza) vaccine
Suspected or known hypersensitivity to any of the study vaccine components, including protein of chicken eggs
Seasonal (autumnal) hypersensitivity to the natural environment
Acute or chronic clinically significant abnormality, as determined by medical history, physical examination or clinical laboratory screening tests, which in the opinion of the investigator, might interfere with the study objectives. Subjects with physical examination findings or clinical laboratory screening results which would be graded 2 or higher on the AE severity grading scale will be excluded from entry into the study
History of leukemia or any other blood diseases or solid organ cancer
History of thrombocytopenic purpura or known bleeding disorder
History of seizures
Known or suspected immunosuppressive or immunodeficient condition of any kind, including HIV infection
Known chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C (HCV) infection
Known tuberculosis infection or evidence of previous tuberculosis exposure
History of chronic alcohol abuse and/or illegal drug use

Pregnancy or lactation.

Systemic connective tissue disorders
Adrenal gland diseases
Hereditary, degenerative and progredient diseases of the nervous system
Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would increase the health risk to the subject if he/she participates in the study or would interfere with the evaluation of the study objectives
Allergic, including anaphylactic, reactions to any (not only influenza) vaccines

Summary

H5N2 Primed

Control

All Events

Event Type Organ System Event Term H5N2 Primed Control

Geometric Mean Titer of Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Response to A/17/Duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells. A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

2.7
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.3 to 3.1

Day 28

32.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 12.8 to 80.5

Day 56

37.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 15.5 to 89.3

Day 7

7.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 3.8 to 13.7

Control

Day 0

2.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.5 to 2.5

Day 28

5.9
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 3.1 to 11.5

Day 56

9.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 4.4 to 19.0

Day 7

3.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.4 to 4.2

Geometric Mean Titer of Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Response to A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells. A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

2.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.5 to 2.5

Day 28

43.0
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 14.7 to 125.9

Day 56

62.0
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 23.3 to 164.9

Day 7

5.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.4 to 11.1

Control

Day 0

2.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.5 to 2.5

Day 28

5.8
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 3.1 to 10.8

Day 56

7.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 3.7 to 13.4

Day 7

3.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.3 to 4.2

Geometric Mean Titer of Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Response to A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells. A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

2.6
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.4 to 2.8

Day 28

35.9
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 12.6 to 102.1

Day 56

49.8
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 21.2 to 117.2

Day 7

6.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 3.7 to 11.3

Control

Day 0

2.6
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.4 to 3.0

Day 28

8.7
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 4.4 to 17.2

Day 56

11.9
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 5.9 to 23.9

Day 7

3.4
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.4 to 4.9

Geometric Mean Titer of Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Response to A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells. A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

2.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.5 to 2.5

Day 28

32.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 10.3 to 100.6

Day 56

44.6
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 17.5 to 113.5

Day 7

7.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 3.0 to 18.5

Control

Day 0

2.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.5 to 2.5

Day 28

5.9
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 3.1 to 11.2

Day 56

9.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 4.7 to 17.8

Day 7

3.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 2.3 to 4.3

Geometric Mean Titer of Microneutralization Antibody Response to A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Serum specimens were tested for neutralizing antibodies against A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)) LAIV strain and A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1) by MN using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells. Titers of neutralizing antibodies were expressed as reciprocal of the greatest dilution giving a neutralization of 50% on the cytopathic effects of the virus in the tissue culture (TCID50).

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

14.4
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 9.7 to 21.3

Day 28

413.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 205.7 to 829.7

Day 56

370.3
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 223.4 to 613.7

Day 7

138.3
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 55.7 to 343.1

Control

Day 0

6.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 5.3 to 7.0

Day 28

58.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 26.9 to 126.0

Day 56

155.4
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 91.0 to 265.5

Day 7

25.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 12.7 to 49.9

Geometric Mean Titer of Microneutralization Antibody Response to A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Serum specimens were tested for neutralizing antibodies against A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)) LAIV strain and A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1) by MN using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells. Titers of neutralizing antibodies were expressed as reciprocal of the greatest dilution giving a neutralization of 50% on the cytopathic effects of the virus in the tissue culture (TCID50).

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

8.0
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 6.3 to 10.3

Day 28

165.9
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 83.2 to 331.1

Day 56

239.0
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 142.9 to 399.7

Day 7

66.7
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 26.8 to 165.7

Control

Day 0

5.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 4.9 to 6.0

Day 28

31.7
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 17.6 to 57.3

Day 56

73.4
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 47.1 to 114.2

Day 7

15.9
titer (Geometric Mean)
95% Confidence Interval: 9.5 to 26.6

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Against 17/t/Tur (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion. The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Against A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion. The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Against A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion. The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Against A/17/Duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion. The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Microneutralization (MN) Antibody Against A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Serum specimens were tested for neutralizing antibodies against A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)) LAIV strain and A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1) by MN using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells. Titers of neutralizing antibodies were expressed as reciprocal of the greatest dilution giving a neutralization of 50% on the cytopathic effects of the virus in the tissue culture (TCID50). A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Microneutralization (MN) Antibody Against A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Serum specimens were tested for neutralizing antibodies against A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)) LAIV strain and A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1) by MN using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells. Titers of neutralizing antibodies were expressed as reciprocal of the greatest dilution giving a neutralization of 50% on the cytopathic effects of the virus in the tissue culture (TCID50). A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroprotective Titers for Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Against 17/t/Tur (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Seroprotection was defined as ≥1:40 antibody titer. The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells.

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroprotective Titer of Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Against A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Seroprotection was defined as ≥1:40 antibody titer. The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroprotective Titer of Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Against A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Seroprotection was defined as ≥1:40 antibody titer. The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroprotective Titer of Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Against A/17/Duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Seroprotection was defined as ≥1:40 antibody titer. The following H5 antigens were tested to evaluate the breadth of the response: i) A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)); ii) A/turkey/Turkey/5/05(H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (NIBRG-23 (H5N1)); iii) A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1)); and iv) A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 (H5N2) (d/Pot (H5N2)). HAI tests were performed on serum samples with the conventional WHO-recommended assays. Sera were pretreated with receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, Denka Seiken, Japan) and tested against 4 HA units of several H5 antigens using horse red blood cells.

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroprotective Titer of Microneutralization (MN) Antibody Against A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Serum specimens were tested for neutralizing antibodies against A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)) LAIV strain and A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1) by MN using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells. Titers of neutralizing antibodies were expressed as reciprocal of the greatest dilution giving a neutralization of 50% on the cytopathic effects of the virus in the tissue culture (TCID50). Seroprotection was defined as ≥1:40 antibody titer.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroprotective Titer of Microneutralization (MN) Antibody Against A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Serum specimens were tested for neutralizing antibodies against A/17/turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) (17/t/Tur (H5N2)) LAIV strain and A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1) PR8-based candidate vaccine virus (Indo (H5N1) by MN using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells. Titers of neutralizing antibodies were expressed as reciprocal of the greatest dilution giving a neutralization of 50% on the cytopathic effects of the virus in the tissue culture (TCID50). Seroprotection was defined as ≥1:40 antibody titer.

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Geometric Mean Titer of Serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Response to A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Detection of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was carried out by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 16 HA units of sucrose-purified virus antigen was used to coat ELISA plates in a volume of 100 ml. Two-fold dilutions of sera were prepared starting from 1:10 (for IgA antibody) and 1:100 (for IgG antibody) and added to the coated wells, followed by incubation with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgA or IgG.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

4.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.4

Day 28

6.8
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.5

Day 56

6.7
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.4

Day 7

6.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.9

Control

Day 0

4.0
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.7

Day 28

5.3
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.5

Day 56

5.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.7

Day 7

5.0
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.4

Geometric Mean Titer of Serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Response to A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Detection of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was carried out by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 16 HA units of sucrose-purified virus antigen was used to coat ELISA plates in a volume of 100 ml. Two-fold dilutions of sera were prepared starting from 1:10 (for IgA antibody) and 1:100 (for IgG antibody) and added to the coated wells, followed by incubation with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgA or IgG.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

2.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 0.8

Day 28

5.6
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 2.3

Day 56

5.6
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.9

Day 7

5.3
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 2.4

Control

Day 0

2.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.2

Day 28

3.9
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 2.1

Day 56

4.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 2.1

Day 7

4.1
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.5

Geometric Mean Titer of Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Response to A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Detection of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was carried out by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 16 HA units of sucrose-purified virus antigen was used to coat ELISA plates in a volume of 100 ml. Two-fold dilutions of sera were prepared starting from 1:10 (for IgA antibody) and 1:100 (for IgG antibody) and added to the coated wells, followed by incubation with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgA or IgG.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

9.7
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 0.9

Day 28

11.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.1

Day 56

11.3
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 0.9

Day 7

10.4
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.1

Control

Day 0

9.0
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.1

Day 28

10.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.3

Day 56

10.6
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.0

Day 7

9.7
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.2

Geometric Mean Titer of Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Response to A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

Detection of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was carried out by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 16 HA units of sucrose-purified virus antigen was used to coat ELISA plates in a volume of 100 ml. Two-fold dilutions of sera were prepared starting from 1:10 (for IgA antibody) and 1:100 (for IgG antibody) and added to the coated wells, followed by incubation with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgA or IgG.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

8.3
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.1

Day 28

11.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.1

Day 56

10.3
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 0.9

Day 7

10.4
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.1

Control

Day 0

9.5
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.1

Day 28

10.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.3

Day 56

9.2
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.3

Day 7

9.7
titer (Geometric Mean)
Standard Deviation: 1.2

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Against A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion. Detection of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was carried out by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 16 HA units of sucrose-purified virus antigen was used to coat ELISA plates in a volume of 100 ml. Two-fold dilutions of sera were prepared starting from 1:10 (for IgA antibody) and 1:100 (for IgG antibody) and added to the coated wells, followed by incubation with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgA or IgG.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Against A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion. Detection of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was carried out by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 16 HA units of sucrose-purified virus antigen was used to coat ELISA plates in a volume of 100 ml. Two-fold dilutions of sera were prepared starting from 1:10 (for IgA antibody) and 1:100 (for IgG antibody) and added to the coated wells, followed by incubation with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgA or IgG.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Against A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion. Detection of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was carried out by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 16 HA units of sucrose-purified virus antigen was used to coat ELISA plates in a volume of 100 ml. Two-fold dilutions of sera were prepared starting from 1:10 (for IgA antibody) and 1:100 (for IgG antibody) and added to the coated wells, followed by incubation with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgA or IgG.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With Seroconversion for Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Against A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus Following Administration of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV)

A four-fold or greater antibody rise in titer was considered to be a seroconversion. Detection of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was carried out by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 16 HA units of sucrose-purified virus antigen was used to coat ELISA plates in a volume of 100 ml. Two-fold dilutions of sera were prepared starting from 1:10 (for IgA antibody) and 1:100 (for IgG antibody) and added to the coated wells, followed by incubation with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgA or IgG.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 56

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With ≥15% Increase of Avidity Index in Serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Against A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain After Receiving One Dose of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

The avidity index (AI) was defined as the ratio of the mean optical density at 450 nm (OD450) with urea to that without urea, multiplied by 100. A 15% increase in the AI value was considered significant.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With ≥15% Increase of Avidity Index in Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Against A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain After Receiving One Dose of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

The avidity index (AI) was defined as the ratio of the mean optical density at 450 nm (OD450) with urea to that without urea, multiplied by 100. A 15% increase in the AI value was considered significant.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With ≥15% Increase of Avidity Index in Serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Against A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus After Receiving One Dose of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

The avidity index (AI) was defined as the ratio of the mean optical density at 450 nm (OD450) with urea to that without urea, multiplied by 100. A 15% increase in the AI value was considered significant.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 7

Number and Percentage of Subjects With ≥15% Increase of Avidity Index in Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Against A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus After Receiving One Dose of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

The avidity index (AI) was defined as the ratio of the mean optical density at 450 nm (OD450) with urea to that without urea, multiplied by 100. A 15% increase in the AI value was considered significant.

H5N2 Primed

Day 28

Day 7

Control

Day 28

Day 7

Mean Avidity Index for Serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Against A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain After Receiving One Dose of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

The avidity index (AI) was defined as the ratio of the mean optical density at 450 nm (OD450) with urea to that without urea, multiplied by 100. A 15% increase in the AI value was considered significant.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

75.6
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 14.6

Day 28

87.2
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 8.6

Day 7

87.7
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 9.3

Control

Day 0

75.2
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 8.6

Day 28

85.1
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 7.8

Day 7

81.5
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 10.3

Mean Avidity Index for Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Against A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) LAIV Strain After Receiving One Dose of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

The avidity index (AI) was defined as the ratio of the mean optical density at 450 nm (OD450) with urea to that without urea, multiplied by 100. A 15% increase in the AI value was considered significant.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

81.6
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 11.8

Day 28

92.3
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 6.4

Day 7

90.7
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 5.7

Control

Day 0

83.4
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 9.7

Day 28

84.2
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 10.5

Day 7

86.0
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 12.0

Mean Avidity Index for Serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Against A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus After Receiving One Dose of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

The avidity index (AI) was defined as the ratio of the mean optical density at 450 nm (OD450) with urea to that without urea, multiplied by 100. A 15% increase in the AI value was considered significant.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

72.7
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 7.5

Day 28

84.9
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 8.8

Day 7

86.4
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 12.6

Control

Day 0

77.4
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 6.4

Day 28

77.9
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 8.3

Day 7

83.3
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 8.1

Mean Avidity Index for Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Against A/Turkey/Turkey/5/05 (H5N1) PR8-based Candidate Vaccine Virus After Receiving One Dose of A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

The avidity index (AI) was defined as the ratio of the mean optical density at 450 nm (OD450) with urea to that without urea, multiplied by 100. A 15% increase in the AI value was considered significant.

H5N2 Primed

Day 0

76.2
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 4.9

Day 28

90.6
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 14.2

Day 7

86.2
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 10.6

Control

Day 0

78.3
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 8.2

Day 28

77.9
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 15.8

Day 7

78.0
avidity index (Mean)
Standard Deviation: 9.1

Number of Subjects Experiencing Adverse Events After Receiving A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

Subjects were asked to closely watch for and report any adverse events occurring the first 6 days after immunization, and followed for any reactions and adverse events occurring within 7 and 28 days after each vaccination.

H5N2 Primed

Post-dose 1

Post-dose 2

Control

Post-dose 1

Post-dose 2

Number of Subjects Experiencing Any Adverse Event Related to the A(H5N1) Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

Subjects were asked to closely watch for and report any adverse events occurring the first 6 days after immunization, and followed for any reactions and adverse events occurring within 7 and 28 days after each vaccination

H5N2 Primed

Post-dose 1

Post-dose 2

Control

Post-dose 1

Post-dose 2

Total

43
Participants

Age, Continuous

30.5
years (Mean)
Full Range: 20.0 to 51.0

Race (NIH/OMB)

Sex: Female, Male

Overall Study

H5N2 Primed

Control