Title
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Testosterone Undecanoate in Hypogonadal Men
A 12-Month, Randomized, Active-controlled, Open-label Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Testosterone Undecanoate in Hypogonadal Men (RE-TUne)
Phase
Phase 3Lead Sponsor
Marius PharmaceuticalsStudy Type
InterventionalStatus
Completed Results PostedIndication/Condition
Hypogonadism, MaleIntervention/Treatment
testosterone ...Study Participants
314This will be a randomized, multicenter, open-label, active-controlled, efficacy, and safety study in adult hypogonadal men. The study duration is 12 months (365 days), including a 90-day, open-label efficacy period and a 9-month (275-day) safety evaluation period.
MRS-TU-2019 was a 12-month study designed to determine the efficacy of oral SOV2012-F1 as measured by the percentage of male hypogonadal subjects with average total testosterone (T Cavg) in plasma within the normal range after 90 days of treatment. This study included an AndroGel™ arm as a safety comparator; after the 90-day efficacy period, dosing continued for 9 additional months in both arms to gather safety data. This study also examined the percentage of SOV2012-F1-treated subjects with maximum total testosterone (Cmax) in plasma values after 90 days of treatment: a. ≤1.5 X upper limit of normal (ULN); b. 1.8 X ULN to 2.5 X ULN' and c. >2.5 X ULN. The study also included an adrenal cortical function substudy conducted in 30 SOV2012-F1 subjects and 15 AndroGel subjects. Four patient-reported outcome measures were also used during the study: IPSS, PDQ, SF-36 and IIEF.
oral preparation of testosterone undecanoate (TU)
topical testosterone gel 1.62%
200 patients treated with SOV2012-F1, starting dose of 600 mg - (400 mg with morning meal and 200 mg with evening meal). Dose titrated on Days 28 and 56 up to a maximum of 600 mg TU in the morning and 400 mg in the evening or down to 200 mg TU in the morning based on plasma T at Days 14 and 42.
100 patients treated with AndroGel, starting dose of 40.5 mg QD. Dose titrated according to approved label, using samples from Days 14 and 42 and dose adjustments on Days 28 and 56.
Inclusion Criteria: Male aged 18 to 65 years, inclusive, at the time of providing informed consent to participate in the study. Hypogonadism defined as having 2 consecutive serum total T levels≤ 281 ng/dL based on a blood sample, drawn at least 3 days apart, between 7 a.m. and 10 a.m. At least 1 clinical feature consistent with male hypogonadism. If a subject is receiving commercial TRT prior to Screening Visit 1, he must have a history of at least 1 clinical feature consistent with male hypogonadism. Must be naïve to androgen replacement therapy or washed out adequately of prior androgen replacement therapies; willing to cease current T treatment; or currently not taking any T treatment. Subjects must remain off all forms of T, except for dispensed study drug, throughout the entire study. No unstable ongoing concomitant medical conditions. Treated and well-controlled conditions such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia are acceptable with stable medication in place for at least 3 months prior to study entry: Hemoglobin A1c ≤ 8.0% BP < 150/90 mm Hg Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 190 mg/dL. Subjects with an endocrine disorder requiring treatment other than hypogonadism must be on a stable dose of replacement medication for at least 3 months prior to study entry. Adequate venous access to allow collection of a number of blood samples via a venous cannula. Written informed consent to participate in the study and ability to comply with all study requirements. Exclusion Criteria: Serum PSA > 2.5 ng/ml and/or abnormal prostate gland on palpation, eg, palpable nodes, at Screening Visit 2. Received oral, topical, intranasal, or buccal T therapy within the previous 2 weeks, intramuscular T injection of short-acting duration within the previous 4 weeks, intramuscular T injection of long-acting duration within the previous 20 weeks, or T implantable pellets within the previous 6 months. Use of any drug that could interfere with measurement or assessment of serum androgen levels, including 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors, anabolic steroids, and drugs with antiandrogenic properties (eg, spironolactone, cimetidine, flutamide, bicalutamide, and ketoconazole). These drugs must be stopped for at least 1 month prior to study entry (6 months in the case of dutasteride). Patients taking potent, long-acting opiate therapy on a daily basis are not eligible for the study. Conversely, ad hoc use of potent, short-acting opiates for a period of less than 7 days may be permitted after discussion with the Marius Pharmaceuticals medical monitor. Use of over-the-counter products, including natural health products (eg, food supplements and herbal supplements such as saw palmetto or phytoestrogens) that may affect total T levels, within 7 days prior to study entry. History of drug or alcohol abuse within the past 2 years that in the opinion of the investigator could interfere with study participation and/or influence study efficacy and safety endpoints assessments. Unstable or chronic disease that could interfere with participation in the study or patient safety, including psychiatric disorders. Myocardial infarction, coronary artery surgery, heart failure, stroke, unstable angina, or other unstable cardiovascular disease within the past 6 months. Abnormal ECG considered clinically significant by investigator at Screening. Diagnosis of any cancer within the previous 5 years other than basal or squamous cell skin cancer with clear margins. Any surgical or medical condition that might alter administration of the study drug or comparator, including history of gastric surgery, cholecystectomy, vagotomy, bowel resection, or any surgical procedure that might interfere with gastrointestinal motility, pH, or absorption of TU. Duodenal or gastric ulcers, or gastrointestinal/rectal bleeding during the 3 months prior to screening. Chronic skin conditions on the chest or upper arms that would prevent administration of AndroGel in a manner designed to ensure reliable and consistent absorption thereof. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Chronic hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (as determined by positive testing for hepatitis B virus surface antigen or HCV antibody with confirmatory testing, ie, detectable serum HCV ribonucleic acid [RNA]). Clinically significant abnormal laboratory values at screening including but not limited to: Elevated liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT] > 2x upper limit of normal) Estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 as calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula Hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dL or > 16.0 g/dL. For a subject previously on testosterone replacement therapy with less than 30 days washout prior to screening Visit 2, hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dL or > 17.0 g/dL. Severe and untreated obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Severe lower urinary tract symptoms (American Urological Association/ IPSS ≥ 19). History of any clinically significant illness, infection, or surgical procedure within 1 month prior to study entry. Past, current, or suspected prostate or breast cancer. History of long QT syndrome or unexplained sudden death in a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child). Concurrent treatment with medications that may impact the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of TU or place the subject at risk for treatment with T. Subject has a partner who is currently pregnant or planning pregnancy during the course of the study. Treatment with any other investigational drug within 30 days of study entry or > 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) and at any time during the study. History of noncompliance to medical regimens or potential unreliability in the opinion of the investigator. Unwilling or unable to comply to the dietary requirements for this study. History of polycythemia, either idiopathic or associated with TRT. Donated blood (≥ 500 mL) within the 12-week period prior to study entry. History of an abnormal bleeding tendency or thrombophlebitis within the previous 2 years that is not linked to venipuncture or intravenous cannulation. Onset of gynecomastia within the previous 6 months. For adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation substudy only: Primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency. For Bioanalytical Sample Stability Substudy only: subjects with a hemoglobin less than 13 g/dL at most recent assessment* [should be excluded].
| Event Type | Organ System | Event Term | SOV2012-F1-Treated | Andro-Gel Treated |
|---|
Efficacy assessment includes T Cavg calculated from NaF/EDTA plasma testosterone. The T Cavg is calculated as the 24-hour area under the curve (AUC), divided by 24, at Day 90, based on a fifteen blood samples (PK samples) taken over the 24-hours. The T concentration in each sample is measured using a validated LC-MS/MS method. The use of NaF/EDTA plasma tubes chilled after sample collection provides the most accurate values, as the prodrug TU may degrade post-sample collection, artificially inflating testosterone values.
To determine the percentage of treated subjects with maximum plasma testosterone concentration (T Cmax) values (a) < 1.5X Upper Limit of Normal (ULN); (b) 1.8X to 2.5X ULN; and (c) > 2.5X ULN. For NaF/EDTA plasma, thresholds are 1200, 1440 and 2000 ng/dL of T. For serum, thresholds are 1500, 1800 and 2500 ng/dL of T. Note that the endpoint concerns only the investigational treatment SOV2012-F1 and the AndroGel results are reported for completeness. The reported percentages do not sum to 100% as the FDA criteria do not specify the percentage of subjects in the window of ≥ 1.5X and ≤ 1.8X the ULN.
Patient reported outcomes will be assessed by the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) Reporting a score on a scale 0 to 35 (asymptomatic to very symptomatic). Mean change from baseline is reported and is the difference between the score at Baseline (pre-treatment) and at Day 90 and Day 365. Thus, a positive value at Day 90 or Day 365 represents an increase in the score from baseline.
Patient reported outcomes are 7-day average score at baseline, and average change from baseline (CfB) at Day 90 and Day 365. Weekly daily average scores calculated for diaries completed at least 3 of 7 days. The three domains are: Sexual desire subscale 0=None, 1=very low to 7=Very High. Sexual enjoyment with/without partner subscale 0=None to 7=Very high enjoyment/pleasure. Partner availability not used in scoring. Positive CfB desirable. Positive and negative mood subscales 0=Not at all true to 7=Very true (Likert 7-point scale, 7-day average reported). Positive mood (sum of 4 questions) score range = 0 to 28; positive changes from baseline desirable. Negative mood (sum of 5 questions) score range = 0 to 35; negative CfB desirable. Weekly sexual activity subscale score is 7*(# of activities per week / # of days reported). Percent full erection uses scale of 0-100% (10% steps). Satisfaction with erection 0=not satisfactory to 7=very satisfactory. Positive CfB desirable.
Patient reported outcomes assessed by the Short-Form Survey (SF-36). This scale assesses 8 health concepts: limitations in physical activities because of health problems limitations in social activities because of physical or emotional problems limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems bodily pain general mental health (psychological distress and well-being) limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems vitality (energy and fatigue) general health perceptions. Each domain is scored from 0-100 with a score of 0 = maximum disability and a score of 100 = no disability. End of Treatment (EOT) occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value is the change from baseline. A positive value at EOT indicates improvement in the measure towards less disability. The EOT Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and EOT scores.
Patient reported outcomes are assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). A score of 0-5 (higher score indicating improvement) is awarded to each of the 15 questions that examine overall satisfaction (2 questions, total possible score=10), and the 4 main domains of male sexual function: erectile function (6 questions, total possible score=30), orgasmic function (2 questions, total possible score=10), sexual desire (2 questions, total possible score=10), and intercourse satisfaction (3 questions, total possible score=15). The IIEF results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at the End of Treatment (EOT). EOT occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value is the change from baseline. A positive value at EOT indicates improvement in the measure. The EOT Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and End of Treatment scores.
The measured value is the FSG concentration reported as mg/dL. The FSG results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, Day 180, Day 270 and the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value is the change from baseline. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and measured values.
The measured value is the insulin concentration reported as in units of uU/mL. The insulin results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, Day 180, Day 270 and the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value is the change from baseline. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and measured values.
Changes from baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), as mmHg. The blood pressure results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, Day 180, Day 270 and the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value is the change from baseline. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the measured value. A positive value for Change in Baseline represents an increase in the measured SBP or DBP.
Liver function tests (ALT, AST, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase). The liver function test results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, Day 180, Day 270 and the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value is the change from baseline. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the measured value. A positive value for Change in Baseline represents an increase in the liver function test value
Change in bilirubin from Baseline The bilirubin test results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, Day 180, Day 270 and the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value is the change from baseline. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the measured value. A positive value for Change in Baseline represents an increase in the bilirubin value.
Hematology parameters (HbA1c) with diabetes mellitus and Without diabetes mellitus. The HbA1c test results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value at End of Treatment is the change from baseline. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the End of Treatment value. Normal range for HbA1c is 4 to 5.6%, pre-diabetic is 5.7 to 6.4%, and diabetic is equal to or greater than 6.5%.
Hormone levels (luteinizing hormone [LH], follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG], TSH). The hormone level test results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, and the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the measured value at Day 90 or Day 365. A positive value for Change in Baseline represents an increase in the hormone level.
Change in hormone Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG). The hormone level test results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, and the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the measured value at Day 90 or Day 365. A positive value for Change in Baseline represents an increase in the hormone level.
Change from Baseline in Thyroid stimulating Hormone (TSH). The TSH test results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, and the End of Treatment. End of treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the measured value at Day 90 or Day 365. A positive value for Change in Baseline represents an increase in the TSH level.
Lipid profiles (high and low-density lipoproteins, total cholesterol, triglycerides). The lipid test results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, Day 180, Day 270, Day 365 and the End of Treatment. End of Treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the measured value. A positive value for Change in Baseline represents an increase in the lipid value.
Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The PSA results are reported at Baseline (Day 1, pre-treatment) and the change from baseline at Day 90, Day 180, Day 270, Day 365 and the End of Treatment. End of Treatment occurred either at time of early withdrawal from the study or at Day 365. The reported value is the change from baseline. The Change from Baseline is simply the arithmetic difference between the Baseline and the measured value. A positive value for Change in Baseline represents an increase in the PSA value.
To determine the effect of SOV2012-F1 on adrenal cortical function as assessed by measuring the cortisol response to synthetic ACTH at baseline and after 52 weeks of treatment in a subset of SOV2012-F1 subjects. . The sample size was calculated based on a assumed common Standard Deviation of 93 nmol/L to yield a half-width of not more than 60 nmol/L; hence a sample size of 30 was targeted for the investigational (SOV2012-F1) arm, and 15 for the safety control arm (AndroGel).
