Clinical Drug Experience Knowledgebase

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Adult ≥18 years
Infection with HCV genotype 4, confirmed by detectable HCV RNA ≥ 1000 IU/ml at pre-inclusion

Non-responders to a prior treatment with pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin, with non-response being defined as follows:

Null-response: reduction of less than 2 log10 IU/ml of HCV viral load between D0 of the treatment and week 12
Partial response: reduction of at least 2 log10 IU/ml of HCV viral load between D0 of the treatment and week 12 but detectable HCV RNA at week 12 and week 24 and without an undetectable viral load by the end of treatment
Anti-HCV treatment discontinued for at least the last 3 months

Fibrosis at any stage, with documentation of the presence or absence of cirrhosis at the pre-inclusion visit:

history of liver biopsy showing cirrhosis lesions (METAVIR F4), at any time in the patient's history, and/or
good quality (length ≥ 15 mm and ≥ 6 portal spaces) liver puncture biopsy from less than 18 months to establish the METAVIR, and/or
hepatic impulse elastometry (Fibroscan®) from less than 6 months and of good quality (at least 10 measurements on an incidence with an IQR of less than 30% of the mean elastometry measured and a success rate of 60%)
Body weight ≥ 40 kg and ≤125 kg
Men and women of child-bearing age and their heterosexual partners must use two adequate contraceptions from 1 month before initiation of treatment up to 7 months after the end of treatment for men and up to 4 months after treatment for women.
Written informed consents (2) signed by the patient and the investigator (on the day of the pre-inclusion at the latest and before any examination required by the study)
Patients with Health insurance (Sécurité Sociale or Couverture Médicale Universelle)

Exclusion Criteria:

CHILD B or C cirrhosis or a history of decompensated cirrhosis. If Child A cirrhosis, presence of varices presenting an hemorrhagic risk (grade II with red spots or grade III) on a fibroscopy dating from less than 3 years
Previous HCV therapy including HCV NS3 protease inhibitor, and/or HCV NS5A replication complex inhibitor and/or HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitor
Positive HBs Antigen
Confirmed HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection
Pregnant or breast-feeding women
Severe heart or lung disease
Transplant recipient
Uncontrolled dysthyroidism
Uncontrolled diabetes
Any evolutive ongoing malignant disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma, which will be specifically screened for before inclusion
Consumption of alcohol which, in the opinion of the investigator, will be an obstacle to participation of the patient and to his remaining in the study
Drug addiction which, in the the investigator's opinion, will be an obstacle to the patient's participation and to his or her remaining in the study. Patients included in a programme of substitution with methadone or buprenorphine could be included. The opinion of a consultant in addictology is recommended for patients presenting with current drug use or drug use in the past year.
Patients taking part in another clinical trial during the 30 days preceding inclusion.
Patient under guardianship, trusteeship or judicial protection
Hb < 110 g/L
Platelets < 80 000/mm3
Polynuclear neutrophils < 1000 /mm3 (for European patients) and < 750 /mm3 (for African patients)
Kidney failure defined by creatinine clearance < 50mL/mn (MDRD formula)
Contra-indication for treatment with Ribavirin including a history of hypersensitivity to Ribavirin or to one of the excipients
Contra-indication for treatment with Daclatasvir or Asunaprevir including a history of hypersensitivity to one of the excipients

Contra-indication to treatment with Interferon including psychiatric contra-indications. A psychiatrist's opinion is compulsory in the following situations :

history of psychiatric disorders requiring hospitalisation of the patient or a consultation with a specialist
treatment with mood stabilizers or antipsychotics during the previous year
history of psychiatric disorders during prior treatment with Interferon alpha
evidence of depression episodes, a risk of suicide, bipolar disorder and/or current behavioral disorders. These patients can only be included after a psychiatric evaluation that specifically authorizes the use of Interferon.
History of previous HCV treatment premature cessation (in the first 6 months) for toxicity. Premature cessation for anemia or neutropenia will be authorized in the absence of the use of erythropoietin or polynuclear neutrophil growth factor, respectively.
Patients with a non-compliance history, who will be at risk of not complying with the study follow-up timetable
Associated treatment likely to interfere with the study drugs