Clinical Drug Experience Knowledgebase

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Hallux abductus with bunion deformity
Adult patients as defined by >=18 years old and <= 65 years old
Subject has adequate perfusion, verified by the surgeon, which is defined by palpable pedal pulses
Subject has voluntarily signed and dated an informed consent form, approved by IRB, and provided HIPAA (or other applicable privacy regulation) authorization prior to any participation in the study
Subject agrees not to take any new medications, dietary supplements, or alternative therapies during the study period (approximately 12 weeks)
Subject is interested in participating in the study and willing to comply with the study protocol
Patient has pain related to a bunion deformity but pain-free metatarsalphalangeal joint (MTPJ) range of motion that is not functionally adapted
Adequate bone density to withstand a Kalish bunionectomy procedure
No frontal plane hallux deformity
Minimal abnormality of the PASA
Normal to minimally malaligned sagittal plane position of the first metatarsal
Failure of conservative treatment
General Pre-operative Radiographic Angle Criteria† - 10-15 degree IMA in rectus feet* - 20-25 degree TAA in adducted feet* - 15-20 degree IMA in rectus feet if wide metatarsal head width - 25-30 degree TAA in adducted feet if wide metatarsal head width IMA=intermetatarsal angle; TAA=total adductus angle *If the pre-operative IMA is <15 degree, only the IMA will be used pre-operatively. For IMA >=15, the total adductus angle will be used †These are general guidelines and the width of the metatarsal as well as the presence of positional, structural, or combined first ray deformity may also influence procedure selection.

Exclusion Criteria:

a history of an allergic-type reaction in response to exposure to aspirin, phenylacetic acid derivatives, or other NSAIDs
hypersensitivity to ketorolac tromethamine, or to any product component
any known bleeding risk or bleeding disorder, suspected or confirmed
history of or active cerebrovascular bleeding, suspected or confirmed
concomitant aspirin or NSAID use where the patient may not be advised to discontinue the medication during the study
concomitant pentoxifylline use
concomitant probenecid use
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery within one year of the procedure
any history of gastrointestinal bleeding/perforation, gastrointestinal ulcer, severe peptic ulcer disease, or severe inflammatory bowel disease
hemorrhagic diathesis, suspected or confirmed
incomplete intraoperative hemostasis
pre-operative serum creatinine > 1.5 ml/dL or blood urea nitrogen level > 22 mg/dL

any history of renal impairment or risk of renal failure due to volume depletion

Patients with a known allergy, contraindication and/or intolerance for oxycodone 5mg - acetaminophen 325 mg will be excluded from the study.
Patients with a known allergy, contraindication, and/or intolerance for the local anesthetic (bupivicaine) or any of the standardized intra-operative opioids and anti-emetics administered by the anesthesiologist
Patients with a history of fibromyalgia or opioid abuse
History of chronic regional pain syndrome or diagnosis of any chronic pain syndrome, patients requiring routine methadone or other opioids
Neuropathy or radiculopathy
Subject has alcohol or substance abuse, dementia, brain metastases, or other cognitive disorders that may interfere with pain assessment and the post-operative course outlined by the surgeon
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status class four or higher
women who are pregnant, planning on becoming pregnant, or breast feeding
presence of active local or systemic infection

subject has a myocardial infarction in the last twelve months

• Patients who are not candidates for a Kalish bunionectomy due to the preoperative deformity as well as other study exclusions are:

Absent pedal pulses or ABI < 0.9 and > 1.2
Concomitant midfoot and rearfoot procedures
Moderate to high abnormal PASA angles
Significant sagittal plane first metatarsal deformity
Moderate to severe osteoporosis as evaluated by preoperative radiographs and/or bone mineral density tests
Revision cases
History of previous infections, radiation treatment, or current infection related to the surgical site
History of previous trauma of the first metatarsal or first ray
Subject has known immunosuppression (HIV, recent chemotherapy, organ transplant)
Patients taking systemic steroid (patients taking less than 5 mg of prednisone, inhaled steroids for asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, topical or optical steroids will not be excluded)
Subject has active malignancy, excluding cutaneous malignancies except melanoma Pregnancy Elective bunion surgery will not be performed if the patient is pregnant or planning on becoming pregnant during this study.