Active Ingredient History
Ketorolac is a pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to indomethacin. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity and has been shown to decrease opioid requirements in post-operative patients. It does not affect consciousness or respiration but does have effects on gastric mucosa, renal perfusion, and platelet function. Ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution is sold under brand name acular LS and is indicated for the reduction of ocular pain and burning/stinging following corneal refractive surgery. Ketorolac tromethamine is a racemic mixture of [-]S- and [+]R-enantiomeric forms, with the S-form having analgesic activity. Its antiinflammatory effects are believed to be due to inhibition of both cylooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cylooxygenase-2 (COX-2) which leads to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis leading to decreased formation of precursors of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from arachidonic acid. The resultant reduction in prostaglandin synthesis and activity may be at least partially responsible for many of the adverse, as well as the therapeutic, effects of these medication. Analgesia is probably produced via a peripheral action in which blockade of pain impulse generation results from decreased prostaglandin activity. NCATS
Combination drugs
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
Pain (approved 2003)
Abdominal Pain (Phase 3)
Abortion, Induced (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Acute Coronary Syndrome (Phase 4)
Acute Pain (Phase 4)
Allergy and Immunology (Phase 3)
Analgesia (Phase 4)
Analgesia, Obstetrical (Phase 4)
Analgesics, Opioid (Phase 4)
Anemia, Sickle Cell (Phase 4)
Anesthesia (Phase 4)
Anesthesia and Analgesia (Phase 2)
Anesthesia, Local (Phase 3)
Ankle Fractures (Phase 4)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries (Phase 3)
Appendicitis (Phase 3)
Arterial Occlusive Diseases (Phase 2)
Arthritis (Phase 4)
Arthrodesis (Phase 1)
Arthropathy, Neurogenic (Phase 4)
Arthroplasty (Phase 4)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip (Phase 4)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee (Phase 4)
Arthroscopy (Early Phase 1)
Back Pain (Phase 4)
Balanitis (Phase 2)
Blindness (Phase 4)
Blood Coagulation (Phase 4)
Blood Pressure (Early Phase 1)
Brain Neoplasms (Phase 4)
Breast Diseases (Phase 1)
Breast Neoplasms (Phase 4)
Bunion (Phase 2)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung (Early Phase 1)
Carcinoma, Renal Cell (Early Phase 1)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (Phase 4)
Cataract (Phase 4)
Cataract Extraction (Phase 4)
Cerebral Arterial Diseases (Early Phase 1)
Cesarean Section (Phase 4)
Chronic Pain (Phase 4)
Chronic Periodontitis (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Cleft Lip (Phase 4)
Cluster Headache (Phase 1)
Colonic Neoplasms (Phase 4)
Conjunctivitis, Allergic (Phase 3)
Conjunctivitis, Viral (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Conscious Sedation (Phase 3)
Constipation (Phase 4)
Contraception (Phase 4)
Coronary Artery Disease (Phase 4)
Cystitis, Interstitial (Phase 4)
Deglutition Disorders (Phase 3)
Dentistry (Phase 2)
De Quervain Disease (Phase 3)
Diabetes Mellitus (Phase 4)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (Phase 4)
Diabetic Retinopathy (Phase 2)
Diverticulitis, Colonic (Phase 4)
Drug Delivery Systems (Phase 3)
Drug Misuse (Early Phase 1)
Dry Eye Syndromes (Phase 4)
Dysphonia (Phase 3)
Embryo Transfer (Phase 1)
Emergencies (Phase 4)
End Stage Liver Disease (Phase 4)
Eye Diseases ()
Fallopian Tube Neoplasms (Early Phase 1)
Femoral Neck Fractures (Phase 4)
Fibrosis (Phase 3)
Fissure in Ano (Phase 4)
Flank Pain (Phase 4)
Fractures, Bone (Phase 4)
Gallstones (Phase 4)
General Surgery (Phase 4)
Glaucoma (Phase 3)
Gynecologic Surgical Procedures (Phase 4)
Gynecology (Phase 4)
Hamartoma (Phase 4)
Headache (Phase 4)
Healthy Volunteers (Phase 4)
Heart Diseases (Phase 4)
Heart Valve Diseases (Phase 2)
Hematologic Diseases (Phase 4)
Hemodynamics (Phase 4)
Hemorrhoids (Phase 4)
Hepatitis C (Phase 1)
Hernia (Phase 4)
Hyperalgesia (Phase 4)
Hypercapnia (Phase 1)
Hyperopia (Phase 4)
Hypoxia (Phase 1)
Hysterectomy (Phase 4)
Ibuprofen (Early Phase 1)
Ileus (Phase 4)
Infertility (Phase 1)
Infertility, Female (Phase 4)
Inflammation (Phase 4)
Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction (Phase 4)
Intraocular Pressure (Phase 3)
Intrauterine Devices (Phase 4)
Joint Diseases (Phase 4)
Ketorolac (Phase 3)
Kidney Calculi (Phase 4)
Kidney Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Knee Injuries (Phase 4)
Labor, Induced (Phase 2)
Laparoscopy (Phase 4)
Lens Diseases (Phase 3)
Leukoplakia (Phase 2)
Low Back Pain (Phase 4)
Lung Neoplasms (Phase 4)
Lymphoma (Phase 4)
Macula Lutea (Phase 4)
Macular Edema (Phase 4)
Malocclusion (Phase 4)
Mammaplasty (Phase 1)
Meniscus (Early Phase 1)
Migraine Disorders (Phase 4)
Migraine with Aura (Phase 4)
Migraine without Aura (Phase 4)
Miosis (Phase 2)
Multiple Myeloma (Phase 3)
Multiple Trauma (Phase 1)
Musculoskeletal Pain (Phase 4)
Myofascial Pain Syndromes (Phase 4)
Myopia (Phase 4)
Narcotics (Phase 4)
Nausea (Phase 4)
Neoplasm Metastasis (Phase 3)
Nephrectomy (Phase 4)
Nephrolithiasis (Phase 4)
Nerve Block (Phase 4)
Only Child (Phase 3)
Oocyte Retrieval (Phase 1)
Opiate Substitution Treatment (Phase 4)
Orthopedic Procedures (Phase 2)
Osteoarthritis (Phase 4)
Osteoarthritis, Hip (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Osteoarthritis, Knee (Phase 4)
Otitis Media (Phase 4)
Ovarian Neoplasms (Early Phase 1)
Pain (Phase 4)
Pain Management (Phase 4)
Pain, Postoperative (Phase 4)
Pancreatitis (Phase 4)
Paraphimosis (Phase 2)
Pelvic Organ Prolapse (Phase 4)
Periodontal Diseases (Phase 2)
Pharmacokinetics (Phase 1)
Pharyngitis (Phase 4)
Phimosis (Phase 2)
Photorefractive Keratectomy (Phase 4)
Postoperative Complications (Phase 4)
Postoperative Hemorrhage (Phase 4)
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (Phase 4)
Postpartum Hemorrhage (Phase 4)
Pre-Eclampsia (Phase 2)
Prostatic Neoplasms (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Pulpitis (Phase 2)
Rectal Fistula (Phase 4)
Rectal Neoplasms (Phase 4)
Renal Colic (Phase 4)
Retinal Detachment (Phase 4)
Retinal Diseases (Phase 3)
Retinopathy of Prematurity (Phase 4)
Rhinitis, Allergic (Phase 1)
Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal (Phase 3)
Rib Fractures (Phase 4)
Rotator Cuff Injuries (Phase 4)
Scoliosis (Phase 2)
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (Phase 2)
Shoulder Injuries (Phase 2)
Shoulder Pain (Phase 4)
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive (Phase 4)
Sleep Wake Disorders (Phase 4)
Spinal Diseases (Phase 4)
Spinal Fusion (Phase 3)
Spinal Injuries (Phase 2)
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Phase 4)
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic (Phase 3)
Tendinopathy (Phase 4)
Tennis Elbow (Phase 3)
Tenosynovitis (Phase 3)
Thyroid Gland (Phase 2)
Thyroid Nodule (Phase 2)
Tibial Meniscus Injuries (Phase 3)
Tonsillitis (Phase 4)
Tooth (Phase 3)
Trabeculectomy (Phase 3)
Traumatology (Phase 4)
Trigeminal Neuralgia (Phase 1)
Trigger Finger Disorder (Phase 3)
Ureteral Calculi (Phase 4)
Ureteral Diseases (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Urinary Calculi (Phase 2)
Urinary Incontinence, Stress (Phase 4)
Urolithiasis (Phase 4)
Urologic Diseases (Early Phase 1)
Vascular Diseases (Phase 4)
Venous Cutdown (Early Phase 1)
Vision, Ocular (Phase 4)
Vitrectomy (Phase 4)
Vomiting (Phase 4)
Wet Macular Degeneration (Phase 4)
Wounds and Injuries (Phase 2)
| Trial | Phase | Start Date | Organizations | Indications |
|---|
Feedback
Data collection and curation is an ongoing process for CDEK - if you notice any information here to be missing or incorrect, please let us know! When possible, please include a source URL (we verify all data prior to inclusion).
Report issue
