Active Ingredient History
More than a century ago, Sir Henry Dale demonstrated that a component of the pituitary causes contractions of the mammalian uterus, hence his coining the term “oxytocic,” derived from the Greek for “quick birth,” for its activity. The discovery that a component of the pituitary causes milk secretion followed within a few years. By 1930, oxytocin was separated from vasopressin into pitocin and pitressin, respectively, at Parke Davis and made available for research. That a single peptide was responsible for these uterine and mammary actions was definitively confirmed upon the sequencing and synthesis of the peptide, 9 amino acids in length. Vincent du Vigneaud was awarded a Nobel Prize for this work. Oxytocin is indicated for the initiation or improvement of uterine contractions, where this is desirable and considered suitable for reasons of fetal or maternal concern, in order to achieve vaginal delivery. Oxytocin is indicated to produce uterine contractions during the third stage of labor and to control postpartum bleeding or hemorrhage. Uterine motility depends on the formation of the contractile protein actomyosin under the influence of the Ca2+- dependent phosphorylating enzyme myosin light-chain kinase. Oxytocin promotes contractions by increasing the intracellular Ca2+. Oxytocin has specific receptors in the myometrium and the receptor concentration increases greatly during pregnancy, reaching a maximum in early labor at term. The Oxytocin receptor is a typical class I G protein-coupled receptor that is primarily coupled via G(q) proteins to phospholipase C-beta. The high-affinity receptor state requires both Mg(2+) and cholesterol, which probably function as allosteric modulators. The agonist-binding region of the receptor has been characterized by mutagenesis and molecular modeling and is different from the antagonist binding site. The function and physiological regulation of the Oxytocin system is strongly steroid dependent. NCATS
Drug Pricing (per unit)
Note: This drug pricing data is preliminary, incomplete, and may contain errors.
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
Labor, Obstetric (approved 1981)
Uterine Hemorrhage (approved 1981)
Abortion, Induced (Phase 4)
Abortion, Missed (Phase 4)
Acute Pain (Phase 2)
Adenomyosis (Phase 4)
Aging (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Alcohol-Induced Disorders (Phase 2)
Alcoholism (Phase 3)
Alcohol-Related Disorders (Phase 1)
Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium (Phase 2)
Amphetamine (Phase 1)
Analgesia (Phase 4)
Analgesics, Opioid (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Anemia (Phase 4)
Anorexia Nervosa (Early Phase 1)
Antisocial Personality Disorder (Early Phase 1)
Anxiety (Phase 4)
Anxiety Disorders (Phase 4)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac (Phase 4)
Atrophy (Phase 2)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (Early Phase 1)
Autism Spectrum Disorder (Phase 4)
Autistic Disorder (Phase 2)
Behavior (Phase 4)
Binge-Eating Disorder (Phase 2)
Bipolar Disorder (Phase 1)
Blood Loss, Surgical (Phase 4)
Body Dysmorphic Disorders (Phase 2)
Bone Diseases (Phase 2)
Borderline Personality Disorder (Phase 1)
Breast Neoplasms (Early Phase 1)
Bronchiectasis (Phase 4)
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (Phase 1)
Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating (Early Phase 1)
Cervical Ripening (Phase 4)
Cesarean Section (Phase 4)
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive (Phase 3)
Chronic Pain (Phase 4)
Cocaine-Related Disorders (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Cocaine Smoking (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Cognition Disorders (Phase 2)
Cold Injury (Phase 2)
Congenital Abnormalities (Early Phase 1)
Coronavirus Infections (Phase 2)
COVID-19 (Phase 2)
Craniopharyngioma (Phase 2)
Cystitis, Interstitial (Phase 4)
Deficiency Diseases (Phase 4)
Delivery, Obstetric (Phase 4)
Depression (Phase 1)
Depression, Postpartum (Phase 2)
Depressive Disorder (Phase 2)
Depressive Disorder, Major (Phase 1)
Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic (Phase 4)
Drugs, Investigational (Phase 4)
Dystocia (Phase 4)
Education (Phase 2)
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Embryo Transfer (Phase 1)
Emotional Intelligence (Phase 2)
Emotions (Phase 1)
Empathy (Phase 4)
Estrogens (Phase 1)
Expressed Emotion (Early Phase 1)
Facial Expression (Early Phase 1)
Family Characteristics (Phase 2)
Fear (Phase 1)
Feeding and Eating Disorders (Phase 1)
Feeding Behavior (Early Phase 1)
Fetal Development (Phase 4)
Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture (Phase 4)
Fragile X Syndrome (Phase 2)
Frontotemporal Dementia (Phase 2)
Gastric Emptying (Early Phase 1)
Genetic Diseases, Inborn (Phase 2)
Growth and Development (Phase 3)
Health (Phase 4)
Healthy Volunteers (Phase 4)
Hemorrhage ()
HIV Infections (Phase 2)
Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal (Phase 4)
Hyperphagia (Phase 2)
Hypopituitarism (Phase 4)
Hypotension (Phase 4)
Hypothalamic Diseases (Phase 4)
Infant, Premature (Early Phase 1)
Inflammation (Phase 2)
Interpersonal Relations (Phase 2)
Irritable Mood (Phase 2)
Labor, Induced (Phase 4)
Labor, Obstetric (Phase 4)
Labor Pain (Phase 4)
Leiomyoma (Phase 4)
Loneliness (Phase 1)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Early Phase 1)
Memory (Phase 1)
Memory Disorders (Phase 1)
Mental Disorders (Phase 2)
Methadone (Early Phase 1)
Migraine Disorders (Phase 2)
Mood Disorders (Phase 2)
Myocardial Infarction (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Myocardial Ischemia (Phase 4)
Myoma (Phase 4)
Neonatology (Phase 4)
Neuralgia (Phase 2)
Neuroendocrine Tumors (Phase 2)
Obesity (Phase 4)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (Phase 2)
Obstetrics (Phase 3)
Opioid-Related Disorders (Phase 2)
Osteoarthritis (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Osteoarthritis, Knee (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Ovarian Diseases (Phase 2)
Oxidative Stress (Phase 2)
Oxytocin (Phase 4)
Pain (Phase 4)
Pain Measurement (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Pain, Postoperative (Phase 4)
Parent-Child Relations (Phase 1)
Parity (Phase 3)
Parturition (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Pediatric Obesity (Phase 2)
Pediatrics (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Pelvic Pain (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Pharmacokinetics (Phase 4)
Phobia, Social (Phase 2)
Pituitary Diseases (Phase 4)
Placebos (Phase 2)
Placenta Previa (Phase 4)
Placenta, Retained (Phase 4)
Postmenopause (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Postoperative Hemorrhage (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Postpartum Hemorrhage (Phase 4)
Prader-Willi Syndrome (Phase 3)
Pre-Eclampsia (Phase 3)
Pregnancy (Phase 4)
Pregnancy Complications (Phase 4)
Pregnancy, High-Risk (Early Phase 1)
Pregnancy Trimester, Second (Phase 4)
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Primary Prevention (Phase 4)
Psychology, Clinical (Phase 4)
Psychology, Social (Early Phase 1)
Psychotic Disorders (Phase 1)
Sarcopenia (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Schizophrenia (Phase 4)
Schizotypal Personality Disorder (Phase 1)
Sedentary Behavior (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Sensory Thresholds (Phase 1)
Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological (Phase 2)
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive (Phase 2)
Sleep Apnea Syndromes (Phase 1)
Smoking (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Smoking Cessation (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Social Behavior (Phase 4)
Social Cognition (Phase 2)
Social Interaction (Phase 2)
Social Isolation (Phase 4)
Social Perception (Early Phase 1)
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic (Phase 4)
Stress, Psychological (Phase 2)
Stroke (Phase 1)
Substance Abuse, Oral (Phase 4)
Substance-Related Disorders (Phase 4)
Tobacco Smoking (Phase 4)
Tobacco Use Disorder (Phase 4)
Toes (Early Phase 1)
Tranexamic Acid (Phase 3)
Trust (Phase 4)
Umbilical Cord Clamping (Phase 3)
Uterine Inertia (Phase 4)
Uterine Myomectomy (Phase 4)
Uterine Rupture (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Uterus (Phase 3)
Vagina (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Vaginal Diseases (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Weight Gain (Phase 2)
| Trial | Phase | Start Date | Organizations | Indications |
|---|
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