thiopental (pentothal) Report issue

Small molecule Approved FDA Priority Review FDA
AACT ChEMBL DrugBank Drug Central Drugs@FDA KEGG MeSH PubChem repoDB

Active Ingredient History

NOW
  • Now
Sodium thiopental (also known as Sodium Pentothal, thiopental) was discovered in 1930s by investigators working for Abbott Laboratories. Thiopental sodium was used for the induction of general anesthesia and is used as an adjunct to provide hypnosis during balanced anesthesia with other anesthetic agents, including analgesics and muscle relaxants. Thiopental sodium was also used as an adjunct for control of convulsive disorders of various etiology, including those caused by local anesthetics. Finally, thiopental sodium had been used to reduce the intracranial pressure in patients with increased intracranial pressure, if controlled ventilation is provided. Nevertheless, these prescriptions of drug were discontinued. In addition, this drug was banned for use in US executions. Thiopental sodium acts through the CNS with particular activity in the mesencephalic reticular activating system. It was shown, that mechanism of action of sodium thiopental via GABAA receptor. Thiopental binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged.   NCATS

Chemistry

  • SMILES: CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=S)NC1=O
  • InChIKey: IUJDSEJGGMCXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • Mol. Mass: 242.34
  • ALogP: 1.35
  • ChEMBL Molecules:
    thiopental  
    thiopental sodium  
More Chemistry

Pharmacology

Alternative names

2-thio-5-ethyl-5-sec-pentylbarbituric acid | 5-ethyl-5-(1-methyl-butyl)-2-thioxo-dihydro-pyrimidine-4,6-dione | bitaryl | intraval | intraval sod | omexolon | penthiobarbital | pentothal | pentothiobarbital | sodium pentothal | thiomebumal | thiomebumal sodium | thiomebumalum | thionembutal | thiopental | (+-)-thiopental | thiopental sodium | thiopentobarbital | thiopentobarbitone | thiopentobarbituric acid | thiopentone | tiopentale | trapanal

Organizations (39)

Research & Development (38)

Organization Org Type FDA approvals Clinical Trials involvement Org ID Force Sort

Marketing (1)

Organization Org Type FDA approvals Clinical Trials involvement Org ID Force Sort

Indications (19)

Approved Indications (1)


 

Pain

Experimental Indications - Clinical Trial Phases 1-4 (19)


 

Amnesia (Phase 1)

Anesthesia (Phase 4)

Anesthetics (Phase 2)

Brain Injuries, Traumatic (Phase 3)

Coronary Artery Disease (Phase 4)

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions (Phase 3)

Heart Valve Diseases (Phase 4)

Hepatectomy (Phase 3)

Infertility (Phase 4)

Memory Disorders (Phase 1)

Neoplasms (Phase 3)

Pain (Phase 3)

Pain, Postoperative (Phase 4)

Palonosetron (Phase 4)

Peripheral Nervous System Diseases (Phase 3)

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (Phase 4)

Shock, Septic (Phase 3)

Status Epilepticus (Phase 3)

Strabismus (Phase 2)

Overview

  • Highest Phase: Phase 4
  • # of Trials: 21
  • # of Trial Organizations: 38

Trials by Phase

Trial Phase Start Date Organizations Indications

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