Active Ingredient History
Topiramate is an anticonvulsant indicated in the treatment of epilepsy and migraine. Topiramate enhances GABA-activated chloride channels. In addition, topiramate inhibits excitatory neurotransmission, through actions on kainate and AMPA receptors. There is evidence that topiramate has a specific effect on GluR5 kainate receptors. It is also an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase, particular subtypes II and IV, but this action is weak and unlikely to be related to its anticonvulsant actions, but may account for the bad taste and the development of renal stones seen during treatment. Its possible effect as a mood stabilizer seems to occur before anticonvulsant qualities at lower dosages. Topiramate inhibits maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures as well as partial and secundarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in the kindling model, findings predective of a broad spectrum of antiseizure activities clinically. The precise mechanism of action of topiramate is not known. However, studies have shown that topiramate blocks the action potentials elicited repetitively by a sustained depolarization of the neurons in a time-dependent manner, suggesting a state-dependent sodium channel blocking action. Topiramate also augments the activity of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) at some subtypes of the GABAAreceptor (controls an integral chloride channel), indicating a possible mechanism through potentiation of the activity of GABA. Topiramate also demonstrates antagonism of the AMPA/kainate subtype of the glutamate excitatory amino acid receptor. It also inhibits carbonic anhydrase (particularly isozymes II and IV), but this action is weak and unlikely to be related to its anticonvulsant actions. Topiramate is used for the treatment and control of partial seizures and severe tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures and also for the prevention of migraine headaches. In children it is also used for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Topiramate is sold under the brand name Topamax. A combination product containing phentermine and topiramate extended-release called QSYMIA® is indicated for the management of obesity. NCATS
Drug Pricing (per unit)
Note: This drug pricing data is preliminary, incomplete, and may contain errors.
Combination drugs
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
Adolescent (Phase 2)
Affective Disorders, Psychotic (Phase 3)
Alcohol Drinking (Phase 4)
Alcohol-Induced Disorders (Phase 4)
Alcoholism (Phase 4)
Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium (Phase 2)
Anxiety Disorders (Phase 3)
Bariatric Surgery (Phase 2)
Binge-Eating Disorder (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Bipolar Disorder (Phase 4)
Bone Diseases, Metabolic (Phase 4)
Borderline Personality Disorder (Phase 3)
Brain Injuries, Traumatic (Phase 4)
Bulimia (Phase 3)
Bulimia Nervosa (Phase 4)
Cerebral Palsy (Phase 4)
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Cluster Headache (Phase 4)
Cocaine-Related Disorders (Phase 3)
Cognition Disorders (Phase 4)
Colitis, Ulcerative (Phase 2)
Compulsive Behavior (Phase 2)
Contraception (Phase 4)
Crying (Phase 4)
Dementia (Phase 3)
Depression (Phase 4)
Diabetes Mellitus (Phase 2)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (Phase 4)
Diabetic Neuropathies (Phase 2)
Drug Interactions (Phase 4)
Drug Resistant Epilepsy (Phase 4)
Drug Therapy (Phase 2)
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced (Phase 2)
Epilepsies, Partial (Phase 4)
Epilepsy ()
Epilepsy, Absence (Phase 2)
Epilepsy, Generalized (Phase 4)
Epilepsy, Rolandic (Phase 4)
Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic (Phase 3)
Essential Tremor (Phase 3)
Gambling (Phase 4)
Glaucoma, Angle-Closure (Phase 4)
Glioma (Phase 4)
Gout (Phase 3)
Headache (Phase 4)
Headache Disorders (Phase 4)
Headache Disorders, Secondary (Phase 4)
Healthy Volunteers (Phase 1)
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural (Phase 2)
Hearing Loss, Sudden (Phase 2)
Heart Diseases (Phase 1)
Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic (Phase 4)
HIV (Phase 2)
Hyperandrogenism (Phase 4)
Hyperlipidemias (Phase 3)
Hypertension (Phase 3)
Hypertriglyceridemia (Phase 3)
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain (Phase 2)
Intellectual Disability (Phase 4)
Kidney Failure, Chronic (Phase 1)
Lennox Gastaut Syndrome (Phase 3)
Liver Diseases (Phase 1)
Marijuana Abuse (Phase 4)
Meniere Disease (Phase 4)
Mental Disorders (Phase 3)
Metabolic Syndrome (Phase 4)
Methamphetamine (Phase 2)
Migraine with Aura (Phase 4)
Migraine without Aura (Phase 4)
Mood Disorders (Phase 3)
Multiple Sclerosis (Phase 2)
Obesity (Phase 4)
Obesity, Morbid (Phase 2)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (Phase 4)
Osteoporosis (Phase 4)
Overweight (Phase 3)
Pain (Phase 4)
Pain, Postoperative (Early Phase 1)
Parkinson Disease (Phase 2)
Pediatric Obesity (Phase 2)
Phobia, Social (Phase 4)
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Phase 4)
Polyneuropathies (Phase 2)
Prader-Willi Syndrome (Phase 3)
Prediabetic State (Phase 3)
Psychophysiologic Disorders (Phase 3)
Restless Legs Syndrome (Phase 4)
Schizophrenia (Phase 4)
Sciatica (Phase 2)
Seizures (Phase 4)
Signs and Symptoms (Phase 4)
Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic (Early Phase 1)
Smoking Cessation (Phase 3)
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic (Phase 4)
Tinnitus (Phase 4)
Tobacco Use Disorder (Phase 3)
Tourette Syndrome (Phase 3)
Vascular Headaches (Phase 3)
Vomiting (Phase 4)
Weight Gain (Phase 4)
Weight Loss (Phase 2)
Young Adult (Phase 2)
| Trial | Phase | Start Date | Organizations | Indications |
|---|
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