Active Ingredient History
Thalidomide is an immunomodulatory agent with a spectrum of activity that is not fully characterized. Thalidomide is racemic — it contains both left and right-handed isomers in equal amounts: one enantiomer is effective against morning sickness, and the other is teratogenic. The enantiomers are converted to each other in vivo. That is, if a human is given D-thalidomide or L-thalidomide, both isomers can be found in the serum. Hence, administering only one enantiomer will not prevent the teratogenic effect in humans. In patients with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) the mechanism of action is not fully understood. Available data from in vitro studies and preliminary clinical trials suggest that the immunologic effects of this compound can vary substantially under different conditions, but may be related to suppression of excessive tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) production and down-modulation of selected cell surface adhesion molecules involved in leukocyte migration. For example, administration of thalidomide has been reported to decrease circulating levels of TNF-a in patients with ENL, however, it has also been shown to increase plasma TNF-a levels in HIV-seropositive patients. As a cancer treatment, the drug may act as a VEGF inhibitor. Thalidomide is used for the acute treatment of the cutaneous manifestations of moderate to severe erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). Also for use as maintenance therapy for prevention and suppression of the cutaneous manifestations of ENL recurrence. Thalidomide is sold under the brand name Immunoprin, among others. NCATS
Drug Pricing (per unit)
Note: This drug pricing data is preliminary, incomplete, and may contain errors.
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
Leprosy, Lepromatous (approved 1998)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Phase 2)
Adenoma, Islet Cell (Phase 2)
Alcoholism (Phase 1)
Alzheimer Disease (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Amyloidosis (Phase 3)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Phase 2)
Anemia (Phase 2)
Anemia, Refractory (Phase 2)
Angiodysplasia (Phase 2)
Appendix (Phase 2)
Arachnoiditis (Phase 2)
Arteriovenous Malformations (Phase 2)
beta-Thalassemia (Phase 3)
Blood Transfusion (Phase 3)
Brain Diseases (Phase 1)
Brain Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Brain Stem Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Breast Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Burning Mouth Syndrome (Phase 2)
Cannabis (Phase 1)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular (Phase 3)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung (Phase 4)
Carcinoma, Renal Cell (Phase 2)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell (Phase 2)
Castleman Disease (Phase 2)
Cholangitis, Sclerosing (Phase 2)
Cognition Disorders (Phase 2)
Colitis, Ulcerative (Phase 3)
Colonic Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Colorectal Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Coronary Artery Disease (Phase 4)
Cough (Phase 3)
COVID-19 (Phase 2)
Crohn Disease (Phase 3)
Dialysis (Phase 4)
Drug Resistant Epilepsy (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Drugs, Investigational (Phase 2)
Endometrial Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Endometriosis (Phase 1)
Endothelium (Phase 2)
Ependymoma (Phase 2)
Epistaxis (Phase 2)
Esophageal Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Fallopian Tube Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (Phase 2)
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (Phase 3)
Glioblastoma (Phase 2)
Glioma (Phase 2)
Graft vs Host Disease (Phase 2)
Hamartoma (Phase 3)
Head and Neck Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Heart Failure (Phase 4)
Hepatitis C (Phase 2)
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell (Phase 2)
HIV Infections (Phase 2)
HIV Wasting Syndrome (Phase 2)
Hodgkin Disease (Phase 2)
Hypertension, Portal (Phase 3)
Hypoalbuminemia (Phase 3)
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (Phase 3)
Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis (Phase 4)
Immunoglobulin Light Chains (Phase 2)
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Phase 3)
Intestinal Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Kidney (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Kidney Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Leiomyosarcoma (Phase 2)
Leukemia (Phase 2)
Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell (Phase 2)
Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic (Phase 2)
Liver (Phase 2)
Liver Neoplasms (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Lung Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid (Phase 2)
Lymphoma (Phase 2)
Lymphoma, B-Cell (Phase 2)
Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone (Phase 2)
Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell (Phase 3)
Lymphoma, Follicular (Phase 2)
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse (Phase 3)
Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell (Phase 4)
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin (Phase 2)
Lymphoma, T-Cell (Phase 2)
Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral (Phase 4)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Phase 1)
Malnutrition (Phase 4)
Marijuana Abuse (Phase 1)
Medulloblastoma (Phase 2)
Melanoma (Phase 2)
Melena (Phase 2)
Mouth Neoplasms (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Multiple Sclerosis (Phase 2)
Mycobacterium Infections (Phase 2)
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (Phase 3)
Myeloproliferative Disorders (Phase 2)
Natural Killer T-Cells (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Neoplasms, Second Primary (Phase 4)
Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary (Phase 2)
Neuroblastoma (Phase 2)
Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive (Early Phase 1)
Neuroendocrine Tumors (Phase 2)
Osteosarcoma (Early Phase 1)
Ovarian Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Pain (Phase 2)
Pancreatic Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Pancreatitis, Chronic (Phase 2)
Pelvic Pain (Phase 2)
Peritoneal Dialysis (Phase 4)
Pharmacokinetics (Phase 1)
Plasmacytoma (Phase 2)
Precancerous Conditions (Phase 2)
Primary Myelofibrosis (Phase 2)
Proctitis (Phase 2)
Prostatic Neoplasms (Phase 3)
Prostatitis (Phase 2)
Pruritus (Phase 4)
Psoriasis (Phase 2)
Psychotic Disorders (Phase 1)
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic (Phase 2)
Radiation Injuries (Phase 2)
Renal Insufficiency (Phase 2)
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic (Phase 2)
Retinoblastoma (Early Phase 1)
Rhabdoid Tumor (Phase 2)
Rhabdomyosarcoma (Early Phase 1)
Sarcoidosis (Phase 3)
Sarcoma (Phase 2)
Sarcoma, Ewing (Early Phase 1)
Scleroderma, Systemic (Phase 1)
Sjogren's Syndrome (Phase 2)
Spondylitis, Ankylosing (Phase 4)
Stomach Neoplasms (Phase 4)
Stomatitis (Phase 3)
Stomatitis, Aphthous (Phase 2)
Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic (Phase 2)
Thalassemia (Phase 2)
Thalidomide (Phase 4)
Tobacco Use (Phase 1)
Tuberculosis (Phase 2)
Uterine Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Uveitis (Phase 4)
Vascular Malformations (Phase 2)
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (Phase 4)
Wilms Tumor (Early Phase 1)
Xerostomia (Phase 2)
| Trial | Phase | Start Date | Organizations | Indications |
|---|
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