Active Ingredient History

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Testosterone is a steroid sex hormone found in both men and women. In men, testosterone is produced primarily by the Leydig (interstitial) cells of the testes when stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH). It functions to stimulate spermatogenesis, promote physical and functional maturation of spermatozoa, maintain accessory organs of the male reproductive tract, support development of secondary sexual characteristics, stimulate growth and metabolism throughout the body and influence brain development by stimulating sexual behaviors and sexual drive. In women, testosterone is produced by the ovaries (25%), adrenals (25%) and via peripheral conversion from androstenedione (50%). Testerone in women functions to maintain libido and general wellbeing. Testosterone exerts a negative feedback mechanism on pituitary release of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Testosterone may be further converted to dihydrotestosterone or estradiol depending on the tissue. The effects of testosterone in humans and other vertebrates occur by way of two main mechanisms: by activation of the androgen receptor (directly or as DHT), and by conversion to estradiol and activation of certain estrogen receptors. Free testosterone (T) is transported into the cytoplasm of target tissue cells, where it can bind to the androgen receptor, or can be reduced to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by the cytoplasmic enzyme 5α-reductase. DHT binds to the same androgen receptor even more strongly than T, so that its androgenic potency is about 2.5 times that of T. The T-receptor or DHT-receptor complex undergoes a structural change that allows it to move into the cell nucleus and bind directly to specific nucleotide sequences of the chromosomal DNA. The areas of binding are called hormone response elements (HREs), and influence transcriptional activity of certain genes, producing the androgen effects. Testosterone is used as hormone replacement or substitution of diminished or absent endogenous testosterone. Use in males: For management of congenital or acquired hypogonadism, hypogonadism associated with HIV infection, and male climacteric (andopause). Use in females: For palliative treatment of androgen-responsive, advanced, inoperable, metastatis (skeletal) carcinoma of the breast in women who are 1-5 years postmenopausal; testosterone esters may be used in combination with estrogens in the management of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause in women who do not respond to adequately to estrogen therapy alone.   NCATS

More Chemistry
  • Mechanism of Action:
  • Multi-specific: Missing data
  • Black Box: No
  • Availability: Discontinued
  • Delivery Methods: Parenteral
  • Pro Drug: Yes

Drug Pricing (per unit)

Australia

$0.2839 - $80.7165

United States

$0.5737 - $364.5733
More Pricing Detail

Note: This drug pricing data is preliminary, incomplete, and may contain errors.

Combination drugs

( estradiol (progynon depot), testosterone (delatestryl) - other names: ditate-ds, testosterone cypionate-estradiol cypionate )
17beta-hydroxy-4-androsten-3-one | 17beta-testosterone | 4-androsten-17β-ol-3-one | abt-slv176 | abt-slv361 | andriol | andro-cyp | androderm | androgel | androgel 1% | andronate | andropatch | andropository | androst-4-en-3-one, 17-((1-oxoundecyl)oxy)-, (17-beta) | androst-4-en-3-one, 17-(3-cyclopentyl-1-oxopropoxy)-, (17-beta)- | ard-0403 | axiron | btg brand of testosterone enanthate | delatestryl | depandro | deposteron | depostomead | depotest | depo-testadiol | depo-testosterone | depo-testosterone cypionate | duratest | durathate | eifelfango brand of testosterone enanthate | fortesta | intrinsa | jenapharm brand of testosterone enanthate | mertestate | nebido | org-538 | organon brand of testosterone undecanoate | pantestone | pasadena brand of testosterone enanthate | primoteston depot | restandol | restandol testocap | roberts brand of testosterone enanthate | rotexmedica brand of testosterone enanthate | rugby brand of testosterone enanthate | schering brand of testosterone enanthate | striant | striant sr | testa-c | testex | testex elmu | testim | testim 1% | testoderm | testoderm tts | testogel | testopatch | testopel | testoral | testosteron | testosterona | testosteron-depot eifelfango | testosteron-depot jenapharm | testosteron depot-rotexmedica | testosterone | testostérone | testosterone 17 beta-cyclopentanepropionate | testosterone 17 beta-cyclopentylpropionate | testosterone 17 beta-cypionate | testosterone cyclopentylpropionate | testosterone cypionate | testosterone enantate | testosterone enanthate | testosterone heptanoate | testosterone heptylate | testosterone oenanthate | testosterone propionate | testosterone undecanoate | testosterone undeconate | testosterone undecylate | testosteronum | testoviron | testrin p.a. | theramed brand of testosterone enanthate | theramex | tostran | tsx-002 | undestor | virormone | virosterone

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