Active Ingredient History
Levothyroxine (T4) is a synthetically prepared levo isomer of thyroxine, the major hormone secreted from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form triiodothyronine (T3) which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism. Thyroid hormone increases the metabolic rate of cells of all tissues in the body. In the fetus and newborn, thyroid hormone is important for the growth and development of all tissues including bones and the brain. In adults, thyroid hormone helps to maintain brain function, food metabolism, and body temperature, among other effects. The symptoms of thyroid deficiency relieved by levothyroxine include slow speech, lack of energy, weight gain, hair loss, dry thick skin and unusual sensitivity to cold. Levothyroxine acts like the endogenous thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4, a tetra-iodinated tyrosine derivative). In the liver and kidney, T4 is converted to T3, the active metabolite. In order to increase solubility, the thyroid hormones attach to thyroid hormone binding proteins, thyroxin-binding globulin, and thyroxin-binding prealbumin (transthyretin). Transport and binding to thyroid hormone receptors in the cytoplasm and nucleus then takes place. Thus by acting as a replacement for natural thyroxine, symptoms of thyroxine deficiency are relieved. Levothyroxine is used for use alone or in combination with antithyroid agents to treat hypothyroidism, goiter, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, myxedema coma, and stupor. NCATS
Drug Pricing (per unit)
Note: This drug pricing data is preliminary, incomplete, and may contain errors.
Combination drugs
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
| Organization | Org Type | FDA approvals | Clinical Trials involvement | Org ID | Force Sort |
|---|
Abortion, Habitual (Phase 3)
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency (Phase 1)
Atherosclerosis (Phase 4)
Biomarkers (Phase 2)
Bipolar Disorder (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Bone Density (Phase 4)
Brain Death (Phase 1/Phase 2)
Brain Diseases (Phase 4)
Breast Neoplasms (Phase 2)
Congenital Hypothyroidism (Phase 4)
COVID-19 (Phase 2)
Depression (Phase 4)
Diabetes Mellitus (Phase 4)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (Phase 2)
Down Syndrome (Phase 4)
Drug Interactions (Phase 1)
Dyslipidemias (Phase 3)
Endocrine System Diseases (Phase 4)
Euthyroid Sick Syndromes (Phase 4)
Fatigue (Phase 4)
Fractures, Bone (Phase 4)
General Surgery (Phase 4)
Goiter (Phase 4)
Goiter, Nodular (Phase 4)
Graves Disease (Phase 4)
Hashimoto Disease (Phase 4)
Healthy Volunteers (Phase 4)
Heart Failure (Phase 4)
Heart Failure, Systolic (Phase 4)
Hyperthyroidism (Phase 3)
Infant, Premature, Diseases (Phase 3)
Infections (Phase 2)
Infertility (Phase 4)
Liver Cirrhosis (Phase 2)
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic (Phase 4)
Mental Fatigue (Phase 4)
Myocardial Infarction (Phase 4)
Neoplasms (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Phase 2)
Osteoporosis (Phase 4)
Pharmacokinetics (Phase 1)
Poisoning (Phase 4)
Postoperative Complications (Phase 2/Phase 3)
Pregnancy (Phase 4)
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic (Phase 3)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Phase 2)
Sarcopenia (Phase 4)
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Phase 2)
Shock, Septic (Phase 2)
Thyroid Cancer, Papillary (Phase 4)
Thyroid Diseases (Phase 4)
Thyroid Gland (Phase 4)
Thyroid Hormones (Phase 3)
Thyroid Neoplasms (Phase 4)
Thyroxine (Phase 4)
| Trial | Phase | Start Date | Organizations | Indications |
|---|
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